ASTM D882 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting

ASTM D882

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting

This test method covers the determination of tensile properties of plastics in the form of thin sheeting and films (less than 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) in thickness).

What is ASTM D882?

ASTM D882 is a widely recognised testing standard that outlines the method for determining the tensile properties of thin plastic films and sheeting materials.Developed by ASTM International, this standard is particularly important for evaluating the mechanical properties of flexible plastic films, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and other polymer-based films used in packaging, engineering, and industrial applications. The standard provides a consistent procedure for measuring properties including tensile strength, elongation, and tensile modulus, which are critical for assessing material durability, flexibility, and performance under stress.

Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Films

Tensile properties are defined as the characteristics of a material in response to tensile forces, that is, forces that are applied to stretch or pull the material. In the context of thin plastic films, these properties encompass tensile strength, elongation at break, and tensile modulus, also known as Young's modulus.

• Tensile Strength is defined as the maximum stress that the material can endure before breaking. A higher tensile strength therefore implies a stronger film with the capacity to withstand greater forces.
• Elongation at break refers to the material's ability to stretch before it snaps, and is a measure of the flexibility and elasticity of the film. Higher elongation means the material can stretch more without breaking.
• Tensile modulus reflects the stiffness of the material. A higher modulus indicates a stiffer, less flexible film, while a lower modulus suggests the material is more flexible.

It is imperative that industries which rely on films for packaging, wrapping, or other applications where mechanical strength and flexibility are essential, understand these properties. For instance, films used in food packaging must have adequate tensile strength in order to prevent tearing, whilst also being sufficiently flexible for sealing and wrapping.

The ASTM D882 test is of particular value to manufacturers and engineers in determining the suitability of plastic films for various applications, ensuring that the material meets the necessary mechanical specifications for its intended use.